Fusaka upgrade for Ethereum scalability

introduction

Evolution is the key to progress and development. Cryptocurrencies with idle communities and networks have a bitter ending. The next coin that comes to mind after Bitcoin in terms of reliability is Ethereum. Released on the 30th^th Founded in July 2015 by Vitalik Buterin and a team of co-founders, Ethereum has impressed traders around the world with its continued activity. More than a decade ago, no one would have imagined that $ETH would boast a staggering market cap of $544 billion. With this amount, you can easily fit 22 pieces.^n.d. It is featured in the list of world assets by market capitalization.

Previous Ethereum upgrade

1. Merger (2022)

Ethereum has undergone various upgrades since its emergence. In September 2022, due to the merger, $ETH transitioned from a proof-of-work (POW) mechanism to a proof-of-stake (POS) mechanism. This has significantly improved the energy efficiency of the network.

2. Dencun Upgrade (2024)

The Dencun upgrade in 2024 optimized Ethereum for layer 2 projects that previously needed to post large amounts of data to Ethereum. With this upgrade, you can now create data blobs to send to Ethereum. Ethereum has since become more scalable.

3. Pectra Upgrade (May 2025)

Validator staking flexibility was brought to you by the Pectra upgrade in May 2025. This gives validators more control in terms of managing, withdrawing, and adjusting their staking. The Pectra upgrade also makes it easier to handle data blobs.

Fusaka Upgrade (December 2025)

The secret to Ethereum's success lies in its constant efforts to become faster and more scalable. An upgrade titled Fusaka is planned for the end of 2025 that will allow Ethereum to process more transactions faster and more efficiently. Fusaka is a major network upgrade that aims to more than triple the block gas limit from 45 million to 150 million. Every time a new block is added, the network processes more transactions and smart contracts can be managed more easily than they currently are.

technical improvements

To the man on the street, it's just a change in speed. However, there are two technical improvements under the hood. Suppose you have a large warehouse and inspectors have to check every bag of goods that arrives. Although this method is safe and reliable, it is very tedious. If a package has a barcode or QR code with information about every item, the inspector's work is reduced by more than half. You can check some random items from the articles listed in the code data. All inspectors in the warehouse have access to the data using the code, so they all check a few random items from every parcel they receive. They aggregate validation efforts to ensure that the data is valid.

Similarly, imagine Ethereum as a large warehouse with many validators working. Despite the fact that Dencun and Pectra have made reading and transferring data smoother, validating data blobs is still quite a task. A Verkle tree works like a QR code that encapsulates all your data within a BLOB. Data analysis becomes more convenient for validators. Peer Data Availability Sampling (PeerDAS) allows all validators to check random data bits to verify validity.

This combination of PeerDAS and Verkle Trees will make Ethereum much better than it is today. The burden on validator nodes will be reduced, resulting in an increase in the number of validators around the world. As the number of validators increases, the network becomes increasingly smooth.

Significance of Fusaka Upgrade

While using social media, you may have come across posts complaining about network congestion and resulting delays on the Ethereum network. This often happens during busy times. Transaction confirmations are slower than expected and gas prices increase.

The purpose of the Fusaka upgrade is data compression and block size increase. This is possible by allowing each block to hold more transaction data, allowing more transactions to be executed and verified in less time.

Additionally, Layer 2 projects will greatly benefit from the Fusaka upgrade. These projects are responsible for posting transaction data to the Ethereum chain. Just as the Dencun upgrade made it easier, the Fusaka upgrade will make it even easier by allowing it to carry much more data than it currently does.

Finally, as already mentioned, the PeerDAS system allows all validators to randomly check transaction data. Distributing the workload between validators reduces the burden on your hardware. As a result, the number of validators is expected to increase. The more validators there are on a network, the more secure it is. Therefore, the Fusaka upgrade indirectly contributes to improving network security.

Fusaka upgrade timeline

The Fusaka Upgrade is expected to be completed in December 2025, but the rollout is planned in various stages. It will be tested first on the Holesky testnet (October 1, 2025), then on Sepolia (October 14), and then on Hoodi (October 28). These dates are subject to change depending on testnet results.

This phased launch has three objectives. Developers will be able to see the performance of their upgrades. They could find out if the speed and efficiency claims were justified. Next, the tester checks the stability of the upgrade. Many technology upgrades tout innovation, but somehow fail to consistently deliver the required performance. This testing also allows developers to report bugs and troubleshoot issues.

The Ethereum Foundation understands how important it is for upgrades to start successfully and to be bug-free. With this in mind, we have announced a hefty $2 million reward for anyone who identifies critical vulnerabilities within our network. This program is scheduled to launch four weeks prior to this release.

conclusion

Upgrades make any network safer, more secure, faster and more efficient. This is even more important with blockchain technology and cryptocurrency projects. Ethereum is in second place^n.d. The upgrade for Fusaka, the world's largest cryptocurrency, is scheduled to be activated in December 2025 and will reduce network congestion for users and ease the burden on validators.